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How to Report Workplace Harassment: A Step-by-Step Guide for U.S. Workers

Last reviewed: June 1, 2026  ·  Written by James Carter, Consumer Rights Researcher  ·  Independent resource — not a government site

Quick answer

Report workplace harassment to the EEOC at eeoc.gov or call 1-800-669-4000. File within 180 days of the incident (300 days in most states). Filing is free and retaliation is illegal.

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Last verified: June 14, 2026 All contact numbers, websites, and procedures confirmed current.

Quick answer: Report workplace harassment by filing a charge with the EEOC at eeoc.gov or calling 1-800-669-4000. You must file within 180 days of the incident (300 days in most states). You can also report internally to HR first — but you are not required to before going to the EEOC.

Workplace harassment is illegal under federal law when it is based on a protected characteristic — race, sex, religion, national origin, age, disability, or pregnancy. Harassment that creates a hostile work environment or results in adverse employment decisions is actionable. You have the right to report it without fear of retaliation.

What Qualifies as Illegal Workplace Harassment?

Not all rude or unpleasant behaviour at work is illegal harassment. To be illegal under federal law, harassment must be based on a protected characteristic AND be severe or pervasive enough to create a hostile work environment, or result in an adverse employment action (firing, demotion, pay cut). Examples include: unwanted sexual advances, offensive jokes about race or religion, repeated threats or intimidation, and physical assault or touching.

Where to Report Workplace Harassment

Type of HarassmentAgencyContact
Discrimination-based harassmentEEOCeeoc.gov | 1-800-669-4000
Physical threats or assaultLocal police + EEOC911 then EEOC
Safety-related harassmentOSHAosha.gov | 1-800-321-6742
Federal government employeesEEOC Federal Sectoreeoc.gov/federal-sector
Union membersNLRBnlrb.gov | 1-844-762-6572

How to Report Workplace Harassment Step by Step

  1. Document every incident immediately. Write down dates, times, locations, exactly what was said or done, and the names of any witnesses. Save emails, texts, voicemails, and any physical evidence. A detailed log is your most powerful asset.
  2. Report to HR or your manager in writing. Most companies require you to report internally before legal action. Send an email to HR so you have a written record. Keep a copy outside your work email account. Note: reporting to HR is not required before filing with the EEOC.
  3. Request your company’s anti-harassment policy. Ask HR for a copy of the company’s harassment policy and complaint procedure. Note what steps they are supposed to take and hold them to it in writing.
  4. File a charge with the EEOC. Go to eeoc.gov or call 1-800-669-4000 to schedule an intake interview. You must file within 180 days of the last incident (300 days in states with their own anti-discrimination laws). Filing is free.
  5. File with your state civil rights agency simultaneously. Most states have their own agencies with stronger protections than federal law. The EEOC will often dual-file with your state agency automatically — confirm this when you file.
  6. Report physical threats or assault to police. If the harassment included physical contact, threats of violence, or stalking, file a police report immediately in addition to your EEOC charge. This is both a workplace and criminal matter.
  7. Document any retaliation after reporting. If your employer demotes you, reduces your hours, excludes you from meetings, or creates new reasons to discipline you after you report — document every instance. Retaliation is a separate federal violation and strengthens your case significantly.
  8. Consult an employment attorney. Many employment lawyers offer free initial consultations and work on contingency. An attorney can advise whether to pursue EEOC mediation, a state claim, or a private lawsuit — and what damages you may be entitled to.

EEOC Filing Deadlines by State

The deadline to file an EEOC charge is 180 days from the last incident in states without their own fair employment laws. In states that have their own agencies — including California (DFEH, 300 days), New York (DHR, 300 days), Texas (TWC, 300 days), and Florida (FCHR, 365 days) — the deadline extends to 300–365 days. Do not wait — file as soon as possible.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I have to report to HR before filing with the EEOC?
No. You can file directly with the EEOC without reporting to HR first. However, if your company has an effective internal complaint process, using it first may be required to recover certain types of damages in court later. Consult an employment attorney for your specific situation.
Can I report workplace harassment anonymously?
You can submit anonymous tips to OSHA and some state agencies. However, to open a formal EEOC charge — which is required to sue your employer in federal court — you must identify yourself. Anonymous reports may be investigated but cannot lead to formal proceedings.
What if the harasser is my boss or a company owner?
Report directly to the EEOC — do not rely on internal HR in this situation. Employer liability is stronger when harassment comes from a supervisor, and courts hold companies to a higher standard when the harasser has direct authority over the victim.
How long does an EEOC investigation take?
EEOC investigations typically take 6–18 months. During this time the EEOC may attempt mediation between you and your employer. If mediation fails or the EEOC finds no violation, you receive a Right to Sue letter allowing you to file a private lawsuit within 90 days.
What compensation can I receive for workplace harassment?
Potential remedies include back pay, reinstatement, compensatory damages (for emotional distress), punitive damages, and attorney fees. Federal law caps combined compensatory and punitive damages at $50,000–$300,000 depending on employer size. State law claims often have higher or no caps.

For related guides see: How to Report Unfair Treatment at Work, How to Report Wage Theft, and our Workplace Reporting Hub.

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