Independent resource — not affiliated with any U.S. government agency. Learn more

How to Report Police Misconduct: Your Rights and the Correct Process

Last reviewed: June 1, 2026  ·  Written by James Carter, Consumer Rights Researcher  ·  Independent resource — not a government site

Quick answer

Report police misconduct to your local Internal Affairs division, your city Civilian Review Board, and the DOJ Civil Rights Division at justice.gov/crt or 1-855-856-1247. For criminal conduct by officers contact the FBI at tips.fbi.gov.

🔄
Last verified: June 14, 2026 All contact numbers, websites, and procedures confirmed current.

Quick answer: Report police misconduct to your local police department’s Internal Affairs division, your city’s Civilian Review Board if one exists, and the U.S. Department of Justice Civil Rights Division at justice.gov/crt or 1-855-856-1247. For civil rights violations by federal officers, contact the FBI at tips.fbi.gov.

Every person in the United States — regardless of citizenship status — has constitutional rights that police officers are legally required to respect. When those rights are violated through excessive force, unlawful arrest, racial profiling, or other misconduct, there are official channels to report it. This guide explains every option, from internal complaints to federal civil rights complaints.

What Counts as Police Misconduct?

Reportable police misconduct includes: excessive or unnecessary force, unlawful searches and seizures without a warrant, racial profiling and discriminatory enforcement, false arrest or imprisonment, sexual misconduct, verbal abuse and threats, failure to provide medical assistance, falsifying reports, and retaliation against people who file complaints. You can report conduct you experienced personally or witnessed happening to someone else.

Where to Report Police Misconduct

Type of MisconductAgencyContact
Local police officer misconductInternal Affairs + Civilian Review BoardContact your city/county
Civil rights violationsDOJ Civil Rights Divisionjustice.gov/crt | 1-855-856-1247
Federal officer misconductFBI + DOJ OIGtips.fbi.gov
Pattern of misconduct (whole dept)DOJ Special Litigation Sectionjustice.gov/crt
Jail or prison conditionsDOJ + state corrections boardjustice.gov/crt

How to Report Police Misconduct Step by Step

  1. Document everything as soon as possible. Write down exactly what happened — date, time, location, officer names or badge numbers, patrol car numbers, what was said, and what actions were taken. Do this immediately while details are fresh. Photograph any injuries.
  2. Seek medical attention if injured. Go to an emergency room or urgent care and request documentation of all injuries. Medical records are critical evidence in misconduct complaints and any future legal action.
  3. Gather witnesses and evidence. Get contact information from anyone who witnessed the incident. Check for surveillance cameras in the area — businesses, ATMs, and traffic cameras may have footage. Request preservation of any footage immediately before it is overwritten.
  4. File a complaint with Internal Affairs. Contact the police department’s Internal Affairs (IA) or Professional Standards division. You can do this in person, by mail, or online depending on the department. Request a copy of your complaint and the assigned case number.
  5. File with the Civilian Review Board if available. Many cities have independent Civilian Complaint Review Boards (CCRBs) that investigate complaints outside the police department. These are often more transparent. Search “[your city] civilian review board” to find yours.
  6. File a federal civil rights complaint with the DOJ. If the misconduct involved a civil rights violation — racial discrimination, excessive force, unlawful search — file at justice.gov/crt/how-file-complaint or call 1-855-856-1247. The DOJ Civil Rights Division investigates patterns of police misconduct.
  7. Contact the FBI for serious violations. For criminal conduct by police officers — including assault, sexual abuse, or civil rights crimes — report to the FBI at tips.fbi.gov. The FBI investigates federal criminal civil rights violations under 18 U.S.C. § 242.
  8. Consult a civil rights attorney. For serious incidents involving injury, false arrest, or significant rights violations, consult a civil rights attorney. Many take cases on contingency. The ACLU at aclu.org can refer you to attorneys and may take cases of broader public interest.

Your Rights During a Police Encounter

You have the right to remain silent — say clearly “I am invoking my right to remain silent.” You have the right to refuse a search — say “I do not consent to this search.” You have the right to an attorney if arrested. You have the right to record police in public spaces in all 50 states. You cannot be punished for asking for a badge number or officer’s name. These rights apply regardless of your immigration status.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I report police misconduct anonymously?
Yes for tips — but anonymous complaints are harder to investigate and rarely result in formal disciplinary action. Named complaints carry more weight. If you fear retaliation, contact a civil rights attorney or the ACLU before filing, as they can advise on protections available to you.
What happens after I report police misconduct?
Internal Affairs will open an investigation, interview witnesses, and review any available footage. Outcomes include: sustained (complaint upheld, officer disciplined), not sustained (insufficient evidence), exonerated (officer acted within policy), or unfounded (incident did not occur as described). Federal complaints may result in DOJ investigations of entire departments.
Can I sue police for misconduct?
Yes. Under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 you can sue police officers and departments for civil rights violations. However, officers may claim qualified immunity, which can limit your case. Consult a civil rights attorney to evaluate your specific situation — many work on contingency for strong cases.
Is it legal to film police officers?
Yes. In all 50 states, you have the right to record police officers performing their duties in public spaces. Officers cannot legally order you to stop recording or seize your phone without a warrant. If an officer attempts this, state clearly “I have the right to record in public” and do not physically resist.
What if I was wrongfully arrested?
File a misconduct complaint with Internal Affairs and the DOJ Civil Rights Division. Also consult a criminal defense attorney immediately if charges are still pending. A civil rights attorney can help you pursue a false arrest claim — remedies may include dismissal of charges, expungement, and financial compensation.

For related guides see: How to Report Unfair Treatment at Work, How to Report Workplace Harassment, and our Government & Benefits Reporting Hub.

Was this guide helpful?

592 people found this helpful

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Scroll to Top